Taxi and private hire knowledge test: questions and answers
Practice questions on the topics most UK councils test: safeguarding, disability duties, licensing law, customer care, the Highway Code and fares. Answers and explanations are at the end.
Free from taxiknowledgetest.co.uk. Not an official council document: check your council's current guidance.
Questions
Safeguarding and CSE awareness
Signs of child sexual exploitation
A girl of about 14 gets in your taxi with two men in their thirties. They are not her family. She looks scared and does not speak. What should you think?
What is child sexual exploitation (CSE)?
For CSE, up to what age is a person a child?
Who can be a victim of child sexual exploitation?
A girl of about 15 talks about her "boyfriend". He is much older and buys her expensive presents. Why might this worry you?
Most weeks, you drive the same teenage girl from a children's home to a hotel late at night. Different adult men meet her there. What should you do?
A young passenger has two phones. They get many calls from people who are not their usual friends. What could this be?
Two men ask you to take them and a very drunk girl of about 13 to a private house. What is the right thing to do?
Is child sexual exploitation ever the child's fault?
Which of these is a warning sign of CSE?
What to do and who to call
You think a child in your vehicle is in danger right now. Who should you call?
You are worried about a young passenger, but there is no immediate danger. Which number can you call?
What is the phone number for Crimestoppers?
You saw something worrying about a child. What is the right way to deal with it?
After a worrying journey, what should you write down?
As well as the police, who else should you tell about a safeguarding concern?
Why should you report a concern rather than investigate it yourself?
True or false: you must be sure that abuse is happening before you report a concern.
A young person tells you an adult is hurting them. What should you do?
Who should you report a concern to if you want to stay anonymous?
County lines and modern slavery
What is "county lines"?
In county lines, what is the "line"?
A boy of about 15 with no local accent asks to go 80 miles during school hours. He pays in cash. What could this be?
Which age group makes up most of the young people involved in county lines?
What is "cuckooing"?
Which payment pattern is a county lines warning sign?
You pick up several workers very early every day. One man speaks for them all and holds their passports. What could this be?
What is the number for the Modern Slavery & Exploitation Helpline?
Which of these may be a sign that a passenger is a victim of modern slavery?
You are not sure if what you saw was county lines. Should you report it?
Vulnerable adults and lone children
Who is a vulnerable adult?
A young woman leaves a club very drunk and alone. She cannot tell you her address. What is best?
An older passenger with dementia seems confused about where they live. What should you do?
A child of about 12 hails your taxi alone at midnight and asks to go across the city. What should you think about?
Which of these is a sign that an adult passenger may be at risk?
A passenger takes a confused elderly man to a cash machine and tells him to take out money for them. What could this be?
Which kinds of abuse can happen to vulnerable adults?
You drop off a child who is travelling alone. What is good practice?
Professional boundaries
A passenger asks for your personal phone number so they can book you directly. What should you do?
Should you ask a passenger travelling alone to sit in the front seat?
Which of these is unprofessional for a driver?
When is it right to touch a passenger?
After a journey you find a passenger on social media and send them a message. Is this acceptable?
Why must a driver never offer young passengers alcohol, cigarettes or free rides?
A passenger flirts with you during a journey. What should you do?
Who is responsible for keeping professional boundaries in your vehicle?
A teenage passenger starts talking about sex. What should you do?
Counter-terrorism and suicide awareness
What does ACT stand for in counter-terrorism?
A passenger leaves a bag on the back seat. It looks odd and you can see wires. What should you do?
A passenger asks you to drive past a stadium many times. They film the entrances and security guards. What should you do?
What is the anti-terrorist hotline number?
What is the police advice if there is a firearms or weapons attack?
Under Run, Hide, Tell, when should you call 999?
You saw something strange but are not sure it is linked to terrorism. Should you report it?
A passenger tells you they want to end their life. What should you do?
What is the phone number for the Samaritans?
A passenger asks to go to a high bridge. They seem very low and say goodbye to their family on the phone. What should you do?
Equality and disability duties
Wheelchair users and designated vehicles
What is a "designated" vehicle under the Equality Act 2010?
A wheelchair user hires your designated vehicle. Which is one of your legal duties?
Can you charge extra for carrying a wheelchair user in a designated vehicle?
Under the Equality Act, what does "mobility assistance" include?
A wheelchair user prefers to sit in a passenger seat. What must you do with the wheelchair?
What is the maximum fine for failing a duty under section 165?
Before a wheelchair user goes up the ramp, what should you check?
How should a wheelchair be secured in a wheelchair-accessible vehicle?
When does a driver have a defence for not carrying a wheelchair in a designated vehicle?
True or false: councils must keep and publish a list of their wheelchair-accessible taxis and PHVs.
Assistance dogs
A blind passenger with a guide dog hires your vehicle. What must you do?
Can a taxi driver refuse an assistance dog because they do not like dogs?
On what grounds can the council give a driver an exemption from carrying assistance dogs?
You have an assistance dog exemption certificate. What else must you do?
Where should a guide dog travel in your vehicle?
A PHV operator refuses a booking because the passenger has an assistance dog. Is this an offence?
Which of these is an assistance dog under the Equality Act 2010?
Can you tell a passenger their assistance dog must go in the boot?
You have a medical exemption, and a guide dog owner asks you for a ride. What should you do?
How should you behave towards a working guide dog?
All disabled passengers: the 2022 changes
Since 28 June 2022, which drivers have legal duties to disabled passengers?
Which law made these changes to the Equality Act in 2022?
When did the Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles (Disabled Persons) Act 2022 come into force?
A passenger with sight loss books a car and asks for help to find it when you arrive. What must you do?
A disabled passenger has a walking frame. What must you do?
Is there a defence if a driver did not carry a disabled passenger properly?
A PHV operator refuses a booking because the passenger is disabled. What is this?
When can a PHV operator lawfully turn down a disabled passenger's booking?
A driver has a mobility exemption certificate under section 166. What does it cover?
On what grounds can a council exempt a driver from the mobility assistance duties?
Equality, discrimination and hate crime
How many protected characteristics are there under the Equality Act 2010?
Which of these is a protected characteristic?
A driver refuses a fare because the passenger wears a hijab. What is this?
Two men holding hands want to hire your taxi. Another driver tells you to refuse them. What is right?
Which of these is a hate crime?
A passenger shouts racist abuse at you and kicks your car door. What should you do?
A firm has a "no dogs in any car" rule. Why could this be unlawful?
A heavily pregnant woman asks for a taxi to hospital. Can you refuse her because she is pregnant?
A passenger says they were attacked because of their disability. How can they report it?
A passenger makes jokes about another person's race during the journey. What should you do?
Disability awareness in practice
Some disabilities cannot be seen, such as autism or chronic pain. What are these called?
A passenger wears a lanyard with sunflowers on it. What does this usually mean?
What is the best way to help a disabled passenger?
A deaf passenger lip-reads. What helps them most?
How should you guide a blind passenger to a door?
You arrive to collect a blind passenger. How should you let them know you are there?
A passenger with sight loss cannot find your car. What is the best way to describe where you are?
A passenger with sight loss pays in cash. What should you do?
When should the taxi meter start for a disabled passenger?
A wheelchair user is travelling with a carer. Who should you speak to about the journey?
You have helped a blind passenger to the door of a building. What should you do before you leave?
Licensing law basics
Hackney carriage or private hire
Which licensed vehicle may be hailed by a passenger in the street?
A person waves at your private hire vehicle in the street and asks for a lift home. What should you do?
Who may wait at a taxi rank for passengers?
What does 'plying for hire' mean?
A council must not license a private hire vehicle that looks like a hackney carriage. Why?
You are at a rank with your hackney carriage. A passenger asks to go to a place inside the council's area. Can you refuse?
Who sets the maximum fares for hackney carriages?
A hackney carriage journey ends outside the council's area. No fare was agreed before the journey. What is the most the driver can charge?
A passenger books a private hire journey. Who is the contract for the hire made with, by law?
When must a private hire operator write down the details of a booking?
A driver takes a longer route than needed so that the fare is higher. What is this?
Licences, fit and proper, and DBS
Before a council grants a taxi or private hire driver's licence, it must be satisfied that the applicant is what?
How long must you have held a full driving licence before you can get a taxi or private hire driver's licence?
How long does a taxi or private hire driver's licence normally last?
How long does a private hire operator's licence normally last?
What is the longest time a private hire vehicle licence can last?
The Statutory Standards suggest a question to help decide if someone is 'fit and proper'. What is it?
When a council decides whether someone is fit and proper, what standard of proof does it use?
Which DBS check do the Statutory Standards say taxi and private hire drivers should have?
How often do the Statutory Standards say a council should check licensed drivers for new DBS information?
What does the DBS Update Service let the council do, with the driver's consent?
A private hire driver is working. Where must their driver's badge be?
A driver has permission to stay in the UK for another 18 months. What does the law say about their licence?
Suspension, revocation and appeals
Can a council suspend or revoke a driver's licence when the driver has not been convicted of anything?
Normally, when does a council's suspension or revocation of a driver's licence take effect?
When can a suspension or revocation of a driver's licence take effect straight away?
After suspending or revoking a driver's licence, how long does the council have to give the driver notice of the grounds?
Where can a driver appeal against the suspension or revocation of their licence?
How long does a driver have to appeal to the magistrates' court?
A council revokes a licence with the normal 21-day notice. The driver appeals in time. Can they keep working until the appeal is decided?
After a driver's licence is suspended or revoked, what must the driver return to the council when asked?
A council officer asks to see your driver's licence and you do not have it with you. By when must you show it at the council offices?
During a check, a driver refuses to give a council officer information they reasonably need and then gives a false answer. What is this?
A licensed vehicle has an accident that affects its safety. How soon must the proprietor tell the council?
Working across borders, insurance and smoking
For a private hire journey, which of these must be licensed by the same council?
Can a private hire operator pass a booking to an operator licensed by a different council?
Can a hackney carriage ply for hire in the area of a different council?
What kind of motor insurance must a licensed vehicle have when it carries paying passengers?
A council officer asks the proprietor of a licensed vehicle to show documents. Which must they produce?
A passenger in a licensed taxi asks if they can smoke, and the driver does not mind. Is this allowed?
Can a driver smoke in their own licensed vehicle when there are no passengers on board?
A passenger lights a cigarette in your licensed vehicle. What does the law say you must do?
What does the law say about no-smoking signs in licensed vehicles?
True or false: a council can attach its own conditions to driver, vehicle and operator licences.
National safeguards and new law
What is the NR3S?
Before deciding an application or renewal for a driver's licence, what must a council do under the 2022 Act?
A council in England learns of serious concerns about a driver licensed by another council, who has been working in its area. What must it do?
Under the 2022 Act, how long does the first council have to pass on that information?
How long does an entry on the national database of refusals, suspensions and revocations stay there?
What must councils do with the Statutory Taxi and Private Hire Vehicle Standards?
What is Common Law Police Disclosure?
The Statutory Standards say a person who is on a DBS barred list should normally be treated how?
The English Devolution and Community Empowerment Act 2026 includes new powers for taxi licensing. What will they let the government do?
Once in force, what will the 2026 Act let an enforcement officer from any council in England do?
When we checked on 29 October 2026, were the taxi and private hire sections of the 2026 Act in force?
Customer care, conflict and personal safety
Professional conduct and customer care
A passenger has heavy shopping bags. What is good customer care?
A passenger gets in. What is the best way to start the journey?
Why is it a good idea to make eye contact when a passenger gets in?
A passenger asks you to turn off the radio. What should you do?
Which of these shows a professional appearance?
A passenger says they want to complain about you. What should you do?
A passenger asks you to take a longer, scenic route. What should you do?
You are running late for a booked pick-up. What should you do?
A journey has ended. What should you do before you drive away?
Conflict and difficult passengers
A passenger starts shouting at you. What should you do first?
Which body language helps to calm an angry passenger?
What is a pre-arranged code word used for?
A passenger becomes violent and you feel in immediate danger. What should you do?
If you feel in danger while driving, where is the best place to go?
A passenger is rude and refuses to pay. Can you lock them in and drive to a police station?
You drive a purpose-built taxi with a screen. A group outside is threatening you. What is usually safer?
A passenger is sick in your vehicle. What should you do about a soiling charge?
Why does working at night carry more risk?
After a threatening incident, what should you do?
Personal safety
How can you reduce the amount of cash in your vehicle?
A passenger asks, "Busy night?" What is the safest answer?
Where is the best place to keep cash in your vehicle?
A fare makes you feel unsafe. What does the safety advice say?
You arrive to collect a fare. How far should you open your window to talk?
Should your doors be locked while you drive around between fares?
As a private hire driver, what should you check before a passenger gets in?
Which item should you not keep in the passenger area of your vehicle?
Why is it useful to carry a spare vehicle key?
How can CCTV in your vehicle help you?
Fare disputes and lost property
You are taking a passenger far into the countryside. What can help prevent a fare dispute?
You need to change route because of road works. What should you do?
A passenger runs off without paying. What should you do?
Many violent incidents with drivers start from what?
You find a phone left on the back seat. What should you do?
True or false: you may keep lost property if the owner does not contact you within one day.
A passenger says the fare is too high. What should you do first?
There are several routes to a passenger's destination. What should you do?
Data protection, CCTV and child seats
A man phones and asks where you dropped off a woman last night. He says he is her partner. What should you do?
Is it OK to share a passenger's details or photo on social media?
CCTV is fitted in your vehicle. What must passengers be told?
When should a taxi CCTV system record sound?
Who can normally view recordings from a council-approved taxi CCTV system?
A parent with a 2-year-old hires your taxi. There is no child seat. Where must the child sit?
A 6-year-old is travelling in your PHV and there is no child seat. Where must they sit?
True or false: in a taxi with no child seat, a child under 3 may sit in the front seat.
A parent brings their own rear-facing baby seat and wants it in the front. What must happen first?
Highway Code for taxi and private hire drivers
Signs, bus lanes and road markings
What do road signs with a red circle mostly tell you?
A circular sign has a blue background and no red border. What does it usually do?
What shape are most warning signs?
Direction signs on primary routes have what colour background?
You drive a licensed hackney carriage. When may you drive in a bus lane during its hours of operation?
You drive a private hire vehicle. A bus lane sign shows a bus, a bicycle and the word 'taxi'. What does this mean for you?
The times on a bus lane sign show the lane is not in operation now. Who may drive in it?
True or false: every bus gate and bus lane allows licensed taxis to use it.
What does the Highway Code say about a road, lane or route reserved for trams?
When may you drive into a yellow box junction?
Speed limits and stopping distances
What is the national speed limit for a car on a single carriageway road?
What is the national speed limit for a car on a dual carriageway?
In England, what speed limit usually applies on a road with street lights, unless signs show a different limit?
In Wales, what speed limit usually applies on a road with street lights, unless signs show a different limit?
You drive a minibus that is not more than 12 metres long. What is the speed limit on a dual carriageway, unless signs show a lower limit?
What is the typical overall stopping distance for a car at 30 mph?
At 30 mph, what is the typical thinking distance?
What is the typical overall stopping distance for a car at 40 mph?
What is the typical overall stopping distance for a car at 70 mph?
It is raining. How should you change the two-second gap to the vehicle in front?
Which of these statements about speed limits is right?
The hierarchy of road users
Under the hierarchy of road users, who has the greatest responsibility to reduce danger to others?
Which road users does the Highway Code say are most likely to be injured in a collision?
You are turning left into a side road. A pedestrian is waiting to cross the side road. What should you do?
True or false: under the Highway Code, people using wheelchairs and mobility scooters count as pedestrians.
As a guide, how much space should you leave when you overtake a cyclist at up to 30 mph?
How should you pass a person riding a horse?
You want to turn left at a junction. A cyclist is going straight ahead in the cycle lane beside you. What should you do?
A cyclist stays in the left-hand lane to go right round a roundabout. What should you do?
You have parked at the kerb. How does the Highway Code advise you to open the driver's door on your right-hand side?
Is it safe to wave a pedestrian across a zebra crossing to be helpful?
Phones, seat belts and fitness to drive
When may you hold and use a mobile phone while you are driving?
Your phone is in a holder on the dashboard. Can you use it for sat nav while driving?
What is the penalty for holding and using a phone while driving?
When does the contactless payment exception let you use a hand-held phone in a vehicle?
Who is responsible for making sure an adult passenger wears a seat belt?
A child aged 5 sits in the back of your licensed vehicle. No child seat is available. What must the child do?
When does a licensed taxi driver not have to wear a seat belt?
You drive a private hire vehicle. You are on your way to collect a booked passenger and the car is empty. Must you wear a seat belt?
In England and Wales, what is the legal alcohol limit for drivers in breath?
You drank alcohol late last night. What does the Highway Code warn about driving the next morning?
How often does the Highway Code recommend a break of at least 15 minutes?
You develop a health condition that is likely to affect your driving. Who must you tell under the Highway Code?
Picking up, setting down and parking
Can you stop on the zig-zag lines at a pedestrian crossing to let a passenger out?
There are yellow 'school keep clear' markings and an upright sign that bans stopping. Can you stop to drop off a child?
There are double yellow lines with no other signs. May you stop briefly while a passenger gets in or out?
On a red route, which vehicle may stop on the red lines for passengers to get in or out, unless signs say otherwise?
Unless you are in an authorised parking space, how close to a junction should you not stop or park?
Where should you not stop to set down a passenger?
A sign says: no stopping during the times shown, except for as long as necessary to set down or pick up passengers (an urban clearway). What may you do?
A circular sign has a blue background, a red border and a red cross. It marks a clearway. May you stop to pick up a passenger?
You drive a private hire vehicle. Can you wait for a booked passenger in a taxi bay marked with signs and road markings?
You will wait at the kerb for several minutes for a passenger. What should you do with the engine?
You arrive at 1 am to collect a passenger from a house in a residential street. May you sound your horn to tell them you are there?
Numeracy and fares
Working out a fare
A tariff is £3.20 for the first mile, then £2.00 for each mile after that. What is the fare for a 5-mile journey?
The meter starts at £2.60 (the flag fall) and adds £1.80 for every mile. What is the fare for 4 miles?
A tariff is £3.00 for the first mile, then 25p for each fifth of a mile or part of a fifth. What is the fare for 2.5 miles?
The flag fall is £3.50 and covers the first half mile. After that it is 20p for each tenth of a mile. What is the fare for 3 miles?
The flag fall is £2.50 and covers the first half mile. After that it is 20p for each tenth of a mile. What is the fare for 3.2 miles?
The meter shows £8.40 for the distance. You also waited 7 minutes, and waiting time is 30p a minute. What is the total fare?
Waiting time is charged at 20p for every 30 seconds. A passenger keeps you waiting for 4 minutes. What is the waiting charge?
A journey costs £12.00 on the day tariff. The night tariff is 1.5 times the day tariff. What does the same journey cost at night?
A journey costs £10.40 on the normal tariff. On a bank holiday the tariff is 50% higher. What does the journey cost on a bank holiday?
The meter shows £14.60. The table of fares adds £1.00 for each passenger after the first. There are 4 passengers. What is the total?
The tariff is a £3.00 flag fall plus £1.50 for each mile. The fare was £9.00. How many miles was the journey?
Giving change and splitting fares
The fare is £13.40. The passenger pays with a £20 note. How much change do you give?
The fare is £7.65. The passenger pays with a £10 note. How much change do you give?
The fare is £26.80. The passenger gives you a £20 note and a £10 note. How much change do you give?
The fare is £18.75. The passenger pays with a £50 note. How much change do you give?
The fare is £11.30. The passenger gives you £15 and says 'keep £1 as a tip'. How much change do you give?
The fare is £5.90. The passenger gives you £10.40 so that the change is easier. How much change do you give?
You owe a passenger £4.80 in change. You have £2, £1, 50p, 20p and 10p coins. What is the smallest number of coins you can give?
Three passengers share a fare of £24.60 equally. How much does each one pay?
Four friends share a fare of £31.00 equally. How much does each one pay?
The fare is £13.20. One passenger gives you £10 and the other gives you £5. How much change do you give in total?
The fare is £14.50. The passenger paid with a £20 note and you gave back £5.00. How much more change do you owe?
Journey times and the 24-hour clock
You drive 12 miles at an average speed of 24 mph. How long does the journey take?
You drive 45 miles at an average speed of 30 mph. How long does the journey take?
You drive 8 miles at an average speed of 20 mph. How long does the journey take?
You drive for 36 minutes at an average speed of 30 mph. How far do you travel?
You leave at 14:35. The journey takes 50 minutes. What time do you arrive?
You pick up a passenger at 22:30. The journey takes 1 hour 45 minutes. What time do you arrive?
A passenger must be at the station by 08:10. The journey takes 25 minutes and you want 5 minutes spare. What is the latest time to pick them up?
A passenger books a car for 7.45 pm. How is this written in the 24-hour clock?
A booking is for 00:20. When is that?
What is 15:05 in the 12-hour clock?
A night tariff runs from 23:00 to 06:00. Which of these start times is in the night tariff?
Earnings, fuel and percentages
Your operator takes 15% commission. Your fares this week total £600. How much commission do you pay?
You take £840 in fares in a week. You pay £120 radio rent to the operator and £95 for fuel. How much is left?
Your car uses 1 litre of fuel every 8 miles. You drive 240 miles. Fuel costs £1.45 a litre. What does the fuel cost?
Your electric car uses 0.25 kWh for each mile. You drive 120 miles. Electricity costs 28p per kWh. What does the electricity cost?
The council puts up fares by 4%. A journey used to cost £12.50. What does it cost now?
A card payment company charges 1.75% of each payment. A passenger pays a £40 fare by card. What is the charge?
An account customer gets 10% off. The fare is £22.00. What do they pay?
You earn £168 in an 8-hour shift. How much is that for each hour?
A fixed price job pays £45 for 30 miles. How much is that per mile?
The mileage reading was 45,280 at the start of your shift and 45,463 at the end. How many miles did you drive?
An operator rounds fares up to the next 10p. The worked-out fare is £14.63. What does the passenger pay?
Your vehicle is licensed to carry 4 passengers. A group of 7 people want to travel together. How many vehicles do they need?
Answers
Safeguarding and CSE awareness
- A. This could be exploitation, so stay alert and report it. A young person with older adults who are not family, who seems frightened, is a known warning sign of CSE. Note the details and report your concern.
- B. Sexual abuse where someone uses power over a child. CSE is a form of child sexual abuse. A person or group uses an imbalance of power to trick, pressure or force a child into sexual activity.
- C. Under 18. CSE can happen to any child or young person under the age of 18.
- D. Any child, boy or girl, from any background. CSE can happen to any child under 18. Sefton's handbook says children of any class, race, religion or culture are vulnerable, and both boys and girls are at risk.
- B. Older partners and costly gifts are common signs of grooming. Abusers often pretend to be a boyfriend or girlfriend. Relationships with older people and new, costly items the child cannot afford are signs of CSE.
- A. Report your concern to the police. Taking young people to or from hotels and B&Bs, and regular customers taking young people with them, are listed CSE warning signs. Report it to the police; do not question the men yourself.
- C. A possible sign of exploitation. Calls and messages from outside a child's normal circle of friends, and phones they cannot afford, are listed signs of exploitation.
- D. Call 999, as she may be in immediate danger. A drunk child with adults going to a private house may be at immediate risk. When the risk is immediate, contact the police on 999.
- A. No, it is never the child's fault. Exploitation is never the victim's fault. Children are groomed and may not see themselves as victims.
- D. A child who often goes missing from home. Going missing from home and not saying where they have been is a listed sign that a child may be at risk of exploitation.
- C. The police on 999. If the risk is immediate, call the police on 999 straight away. Council guidance says this, for example Sefton's handbook and Wolverhampton's licence conditions.
- B. 101. Call the police on 101 for concerns that are not an emergency. Use 999 only if someone is in immediate danger.
- C. 0800 555 111. Crimestoppers is an independent charity. You can give information on 0800 555 111 without giving your name.
- D. Write down what you saw and report it. Your job is to record and report. Investigating is the role of the police and social workers, so do not investigate or confront anyone yourself.
- A. Times, places, people and what happened. Guidance asks for clear facts: names, places and addresses, dates and times, descriptions of people and vehicles, and what was said or done.
- B. Your council's licensing or safeguarding team. The DfT standards say to use the local safeguarding process. The first step is usually to contact the safeguarding lead at the council.
- B. Police and social workers do the investigating. Government safeguarding advice says it is the role of social workers and the police to investigate. Your part is to note what you saw and report it.
- B. False. False. You do not need proof. Guidance says to report if you suspect a child is at risk, or if something gives you a real sense of unease. The police and social workers decide what happens next.
- D. Listen calmly and do not promise to keep it secret. Listen and take it seriously. Government advice says not to promise you won't tell anyone, because you may need to tell others to protect the child.
- A. Crimestoppers. Crimestoppers lets you give information without giving your name, on 0800 555 111.
- C. Gangs using children to move drugs between areas. County lines is when gangs move illegal drugs from one area to another, often using children or vulnerable people they have pressured into it.
- D. A phone line used to take drug orders. The "county line" is the dedicated mobile phone line used to take drug orders.
- B. Warning signs of county lines exploitation. The DfT lists these warning signs: a child travelling alone, at unusual hours such as school time, over long distances, not local, paying in cash or prepaid.
- C. 15 to 17. The DfT standards say children aged 15 to 17 are the majority, but they may also be much younger.
- A. Gangs taking over a vulnerable person's home. Cuckooing is when dealers take over the home of a vulnerable person and use it for their crime.
- B. Long trips paid in cash or prepaid. Paying for journeys in cash or prepaid is one of the DfT's county lines warning signs, especially for a child travelling alone.
- A. A sign of modern slavery. Signs of modern slavery include being controlled by others, someone else holding their ID, and being moved to work in a group at odd times.
- C. 08000 121 700. Call the Modern Slavery & Exploitation Helpline on 08000 121 700, or report online. Call 999 in an emergency.
- D. They seem afraid, and someone else speaks for them. Victims often seem afraid, avoid eye contact, are not free to speak for themselves and seem controlled by another person.
- B. Yes, trust your instincts and report it. The NCA says trust your instincts. Even if it is not county lines, the person may be exploited in another way.
- D. An adult who may not be able to keep safe from harm. The DfT standards use the Care Act 2014 meaning: an adult with care and support needs who, because of those needs, cannot protect themselves from abuse or neglect.
- C. Keep her safe and call the police for help. Someone who is very drunk is vulnerable. Do not leave her somewhere unsafe and never take her to your home. Get help from the police.
- A. Stay calm, check details and get help. Treat them patiently. Check details with the operator or a carer, and call the police if you cannot get them home safely.
- B. The child's safety, and whether to report it. A child travelling alone at unusual hours is a warning sign of exploitation. Think about their safety and report your concern.
- C. They seem afraid of the person with them. Fear of a companion, being controlled, or not being allowed to speak are signs that an adult may be at risk of abuse.
- D. Financial abuse. Making a vulnerable person hand over money can be financial abuse. Note the details and report your concern.
- A. Physical, sexual, emotional and financial. Abuse can take many forms, and it is often by someone the person knows. The DfT standards list psychological, emotional and financial abuse among others.
- D. See them out safely, close to their destination. Wolverhampton's conditions say to drop passengers in a safe place as close as practicable to their destination, and to make sure they have got out safely before you set off.
- A. Politely refuse and give the operator's number. Keep contact professional. Wolverhampton's conditions say drivers must not request or keep passengers' personal contact details or try to start a personal relationship with them.
- C. No, let them choose where to sit. Let the passenger choose. Wolverhampton's conditions say passengers must be allowed to sit in their choice of licensed seat.
- B. Comments about a passenger's body or looks. Codes of conduct say drivers must not make offensive or inappropriate comments, and Nottingham's conditions ban conversation of a personal or sexual nature. Breaking conditions can cost you your licence.
- A. Only when needed to help, with their agreement. Drivers should not touch passengers unnecessarily or inappropriately. If someone may need help, ask them first rather than assume.
- C. No, it breaks professional boundaries. Using what you learn on the job to contact a passenger, including through social networks, misuses their personal details. Wolverhampton's conditions also ban trying to start a personal relationship with a passenger.
- B. These are ways abusers groom children. The Casey report, quoted in the DfT standards, found drivers who offered children cigarettes, alcohol or free rides in return for sex. Gifts and favours are grooming tools.
- D. Stay polite and professional. Drivers should remain professional at all times and must not try to start a personal relationship with a passenger, whatever the passenger does.
- D. You, the driver, at all times. A driver has responsibility for the safety of their passengers and a lot of control over them. Codes of conduct say drivers must remain professional at all times.
- A. Do not join in; change the subject. Never join in sexual talk with a child. Conditions and codes of conduct ban conversation of a sexual nature and sexualised language. Report it if it suggests the child is at risk.
- C. Action Counters Terrorism. ACT, Action Counters Terrorism, is the police campaign asking the public to report suspicious activity.
- B. Move away from it and call 999. Visible wires make an item obviously suspicious. ProtectUK says do not touch it, move people away to a safe distance and call 999.
- D. Report it to the police or ACT. If you see something that does not feel right, report it at gov.uk/ACT or on 0800 789 321. Call 999 in an emergency.
- A. 0800 789 321. You can call the police in confidence on 0800 789 321, or report online at gov.uk/ACT.
- B. Run, Hide, Tell. Run to a place of safety if you can. If you cannot, hide. Tell the police by calling 999 when it is safe.
- C. When it is safe to do so. Get to safety first. Then tell the police by calling 999 when it is safe to do so.
- D. Yes, it is OK if you are not sure. The ACT campaign says trust your instincts. It is OK if you are not sure; the police will check it.
- C. Listen, take them seriously and offer support. Talking about suicide does not make it more likely. Listen, stay calm, and signpost them to help such as the Samaritans.
- B. 116 123. Samaritans can be called free from any phone on 116 123, day or night.
- A. Call 999, as they may be in immediate danger. If someone may harm themselves now, it is an emergency. Call 999 and stay with them if it is safe.
Equality and disability duties
- B. A listed wheelchair-accessible vehicle. A taxi or PHV is designated if it is on the list of wheelchair-accessible vehicles that the council keeps under s.167.
- D. To carry them in their wheelchair. Section 165 says the driver of a designated vehicle must carry the passenger while in the wheelchair.
- A. No, no extra charge is allowed. The driver must not make, or propose to make, any additional charge for any of the s.165 duties.
- C. Help getting in and out, and loading luggage. Mobility assistance means help to get in and out of the vehicle, and to load luggage, mobility aids or the wheelchair.
- A. Carry the wheelchair in the vehicle. If the passenger chooses to sit in a passenger seat, the driver must carry the wheelchair.
- D. Up to £1,000. The offence carries a fine of up to level 3 on the standard scale, which is £1,000. The council may also act against your licence.
- B. That the ramp is locked securely in place. The driver must take the steps needed to carry the passenger in safety. A ramp that is not secure can slip and cause injury.
- C. With the restraints, brakes on and passenger belted. Use the vehicle's wheelchair restraint system as the maker says, put the wheelchair brakes on and fit the passenger's seat belt.
- B. If that wheelchair cannot be carried safely. It is a defence if the vehicle met its accessibility requirements but it was not possible to carry that wheelchair safely.
- A. True. True. Since the 2022 Act, a licensing authority must maintain and publish its list of designated vehicles.
- D. Carry them and the dog, with no extra charge. Taxi and PHV drivers must carry an assistance dog with its owner and must not charge extra for it.
- A. No, only a medical exemption allows this. Not liking dogs is not a reason. Only a driver with a medical exemption certificate, with the notice displayed, is exempt.
- C. Medical grounds. The council must issue an exemption certificate only if it is satisfied that it is right to do so on medical grounds.
- D. Display the exemption notice in the vehicle. The exemption only applies if the certificate is in force and the prescribed notice is displayed in the vehicle.
- A. Ask the owner; usually the footwell. Guide Dogs advises asking the owner. Most will want the dog in the footwell beside them. Guide dogs are trained not to climb on seats.
- B. Yes, it is a criminal offence. An operator commits an offence by refusing a booking because the disabled person will have an assistance dog with them.
- C. A dog trained to help a deaf person. The Act covers dogs trained to guide a blind person, assist a deaf person, and some other trained dogs for disabled people.
- A. No, it must stay with its owner. The driver must carry the disabled person's dog and allow it to remain with that person.
- D. Show your exemption and help them find another car. Guide Dogs says a driver with a genuine exemption, or their company, should help the passenger find another taxi or minicab.
- C. Do not distract it; speak to the owner. Guide Dogs says do not interfere with the dog and only give instructions to its owner.
- B. All taxi and PHV drivers. Section 164A puts duties on the driver of any taxi or PHV hired by or for a disabled person, not only designated vehicles.
- B. The Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles (Disabled Persons) Act 2022. The Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles (Disabled Persons) Act 2022 inserted new sections 164A, 165A and 167A into the Equality Act 2010.
- C. 28 June 2022. The Act came into force on 28 June 2022, two months after it was passed.
- D. Help them find the vehicle, with no extra charge. If told before the journey, a PHV or pre-booked taxi driver must take reasonable steps to help the passenger identify and find the vehicle, with no extra charge.
- A. Carry the walking frame with no extra charge. All drivers must carry a disabled passenger's mobility aids, and must not charge extra for it.
- C. Yes, if they could not reasonably have known. For the duty to carry the passenger in safety and comfort, it is a defence if the driver could not reasonably have known the passenger was disabled.
- A. A criminal offence by the operator. An operator commits an offence by refusing a booking because the passenger has a disability, or to avoid the driver's duties.
- B. When no suitable vehicle is available. It is a defence for the operator to show it was reasonable not to accept the booking due to a lack of suitable vehicles.
- D. Only the physical help; you must still carry the passenger. Since 2022, a s.166 exemption covers only the mobility assistance duties. The duty to carry the passenger still applies.
- C. Medical grounds or a physical condition. The council must issue a certificate if satisfied it is right on medical grounds, or because the driver's physical condition makes the duties impossible or unreasonably difficult.
- A. 9. The nine are: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation.
- B. Religion or belief. Religion or belief is one of the nine protected characteristics. Income, being a student or a smoker are not.
- D. Unlawful discrimination. Treating someone less favourably because of their religion is direct discrimination, which is against the law.
- C. Carry them; refusing is discrimination. Sexual orientation is a protected characteristic. Refusing or treating them worse because of it is unlawful.
- D. Attacking someone because they are disabled. A hate crime is a crime against someone because of their disability, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation or transgender identity. It should be reported to the police.
- A. Report it to the police as a hate crime. Threatening behaviour and damage linked to race can be a hate crime. Call 999 if it is happening now, or 101 if not.
- B. It unfairly disadvantages assistance dog users. A rule that applies to everyone but disadvantages people with a protected characteristic can be indirect discrimination. It also breaks the assistance dog duties.
- D. No, that would be discrimination. Pregnancy and maternity is a protected characteristic. Refusing her because she is pregnant is unlawful.
- A. To the police, by 999, 101 or online. Hate crime can be reported online or by phone. Call 999 if it is in progress or someone is in danger; otherwise call 101.
- C. Stay professional and do not join in. Joining in can be harassment and is unprofessional. Stay calm and polite, and do not take part.
- B. Hidden, or non-visible, disabilities. Many disabilities are not visible. A passenger may still need help, time or understanding.
- A. They may have a hidden disability. The Hidden Disabilities Sunflower is a symbol for non-visible disabilities. It shows the wearer may need extra help, time or understanding.
- B. Ask them what help they would like. Guide Dogs says the most important tip is to ask the person how they would like to be helped.
- D. Face them and speak clearly. RNID says to face the person and speak clearly, without shouting or speaking too fast. Writing things down can help too.
- C. Offer your arm and let them hold your elbow. RNIB advises holding out your arm for the person to take. They hold your elbow and walk about half a pace behind you.
- A. Go to them and say who you are. Guide Dogs says do not flash your lights or beep your horn. Go to the passenger and introduce yourself.
- B. "I am on the left, outside 1 Bridge Street". Use clear language that does not need sight, such as the side of the road and the address.
- D. Say where to put the money and explain the change. Guide Dogs says give clear directions about where to place the money and explain where you have put their change.
- C. Once the passenger has got into the vehicle. Guide Dogs cites the High Court case McNutt v Transport for London (2019): the meter should start only once a disabled passenger has boarded.
- C. The passenger, directly. Speak directly to the disabled person. Guide Dogs says never channel conversation through a third person.
- D. Tell them you are leaving and check they are OK. Never leave a person with sight loss without saying so. They need to know you have gone and what to do next.
Licensing law basics
- D. A hackney carriage, in the area where it is licensed. Only a hackney carriage may ply for hire, which includes being hailed. It may do this only within the area of the council that licensed it.
- C. Refuse, and tell them to book through an operator. A private hire vehicle must not ply for hire. Every journey must be booked through a licensed operator before it starts. A street pick-up is an offence, and your insurance may not cover it.
- B. Hackney carriages licensed by that council. Ranks (stands) are appointed by the council for its hackney carriages. Private hire vehicles must not use them to wait for passengers.
- D. Offering a vehicle for hire on the spot, such as at a rank. Plying for hire means making a vehicle available to be hired there and then, for example by waiting at a rank or driving around looking for fares. Only hackney carriages may do this.
- C. So nobody thinks they can hail it in the street. A private hire vehicle must not be of such design and appearance that people would think it is a hackney carriage, because only hackney carriages can be hailed.
- D. Not without a reasonable excuse. A hackney carriage driver who refuses or neglects, without reasonable excuse, to take a hirer to a place within the prescribed distance commits an offence.
- A. The council, in its table of fares or byelaws. A council may fix hackney carriage fares and other charges by a table of fares. A driver must not charge more than the table allows.
- A. The fare shown on the taximeter. For a journey ending outside the district with no fare agreed in advance, the driver must not charge more than the meter shows.
- C. The operator who accepted the booking. Every contract for the hire of a licensed private hire vehicle is treated as made with the operator who accepted the booking, even if another person provided the vehicle.
- A. Before the journey starts. An operator must record the particulars of every booking, in the form the council requires, before the start of each journey, and show the record to an officer or the police on request.
- D. An offence of unnecessarily prolonging the journey. A licensed driver must not, without reasonable cause, unnecessarily prolong a journey in distance or in time. This applies to hackney carriage and private hire drivers.
- A. A fit and proper person. A council must not grant a driver's licence unless it is satisfied that the applicant is a fit and proper person and is not disqualified by immigration status.
- B. At least 12 months. A council must not grant a driver's licence to anyone who has not been authorised to drive a car for at least twelve months.
- C. 3 years, unless the council sets a shorter period for that case. A driver's licence remains in force for three years, or for a shorter period that the council thinks right in the circumstances of the case.
- B. 5 years. An operator's licence remains in force for five years, or for a shorter period that the council thinks right in the circumstances of the case.
- A. 1 year. A private hire vehicle licence remains in force for the period the council sets, which must not be longer than one year.
- C. Would you let someone you care for travel alone with them? The question is: would you allow a person for whom you care, regardless of their condition, to travel alone in a vehicle driven by this person at any time of day or night?
- A. The balance of probabilities. Decisions are made on the balance of probabilities. The applicant should not get the benefit of the doubt, and conduct without a conviction can be considered.
- D. Enhanced, with checks of the children's and adults' barred lists. Councils should require an enhanced DBS check with a check of both barred lists for every driver applying for or renewing a licence.
- B. Every 6 months. Drivers should be required to keep up continuous registration with the DBS Update Service so the council can check for new information every 6 months. Drivers who do not subscribe should still be checked every 6 months.
- B. Check online at any time if the DBS certificate is still up to date. Subscribing keeps a certificate up to date online and, with the person's consent, lets named organisations check its status at any time.
- D. Worn where it can be plainly seen. A driver must wear the badge at all times when working under their licence, in a position where it is plainly and distinctly visible.
- D. It must end no later than their permission to stay ends. If a driver has limited leave to remain, the council must set a licence period that ends at or before the end of that leave.
- B. Yes, 'any other reasonable cause' is a ground in law. The grounds include convictions for offences of dishonesty, indecency or violence, breaking taxi law, immigration offences, or any other reasonable cause.
- B. 21 days after the driver is given notice. A suspension or revocation normally takes effect at the end of 21 days beginning with the day the notice is given to the driver.
- B. When public safety needs it and the notice says why. If public safety requires immediate effect, and the notice says so and explains why, it takes effect when the notice is given.
- B. 14 days. The council must give the driver notice of the grounds within fourteen days of the suspension, revocation or refusal to renew.
- D. To a magistrates' court. Any driver aggrieved by a decision under section 61 may appeal to a magistrates' court.
- A. 21 days from when the notice was served. Appeals under Part II of the 1976 Act follow the Public Health Act 1936: the time limit is twenty-one days from the date the notice of the decision was served.
- C. Yes, unless the decision had immediate effect for public safety. Until the time for appealing ends, or an appeal is decided, the person may carry on the business. This does not apply where the decision has immediate effect for public safety.
- C. Their driver's badge. The driver must return the driver's badge to the council on demand. Failing to do so without reasonable excuse is an offence.
- B. Within 5 days. You must produce your licence either straight away or, for a council officer, at the council's main offices within five days, beginning with the day after the request.
- A. An offence of obstructing an authorised officer. It is an offence to wilfully obstruct an authorised officer or police officer, to fail without reasonable cause to give them information they reasonably need, or to give information you know is false.
- C. As soon as reasonably practicable, and within 72 hours. The proprietor must report any accident causing damage that materially affects the vehicle's safety, performance, appearance or passenger comfort as soon as reasonably practicable and within 72 hours.
- B. The driver, the vehicle and the operator. An operator must not operate a vehicle as a private hire vehicle unless the vehicle and driver are licensed under the 1976 Act. This is read as meaning all three licences come from the same council, often called the 'triple lock'.
- B. Yes, if the other operator is licensed and accepts it in its own area. An operator may sub-contract a booking to an operator licensed in another district, if that operator accepts the booking in its own district. The second operator then uses its own drivers and vehicles.
- A. No, only in the area of the council that licensed it. A hackney carriage licence allows plying for hire only within the area of the council that granted it. Plying for hire elsewhere without a licence for that area is an offence.
- A. Hire and reward insurance that covers the licensed use. Carrying passengers for payment needs hire and reward cover. A council must not license a private hire vehicle without suitable insurance in force.
- B. The vehicle licence and the insurance certificate. The proprietor must produce the vehicle licence and the certificate of insurance when an authorised officer of the council asks.
- D. No, the vehicle must be smoke-free at all times. An enclosed vehicle used by members of the public, whether or not for hire, is smoke-free. Smoking in a smoke-free place is an offence.
- A. No, it is used by the public so it is always smoke-free. The vehicle is smoke-free because it is used by members of the public. This does not stop when the passenger gets out.
- D. Make them stop smoking. The driver has a legal duty to cause anyone smoking in a smoke-free vehicle to stop. Failing to do so is an offence.
- C. At least one legible no-smoking sign must be displayed. The person with management responsibilities for a smoke-free vehicle must make sure at least one legible no-smoking sign is displayed in it.
- A. True. The 1976 Act lets a council attach the conditions it considers reasonably necessary. That is why local conditions differ, and why you must read your own council's.
- A. A national register of driver licence refusals, suspensions and revocations. The 2022 Act requires English councils to record refusals, suspensions and revocations of driver licences on the national database, known as the National Register for Revocations, Refusals and Suspensions (NR3S).
- D. Search the national database for entries about the person. Before deciding on an application for, or renewal of, a driver's licence, the council must search the licensing information database and consider any information it gets.
- C. Report the information to the council that licensed them. If the council would have considered suspending or revoking the licence had it granted it, it must pass the information to the council that issued the licence.
- C. 10 working days. The information must be provided before the end of 10 working days beginning with the day the council became aware of it.
- A. 11 years. Each entry is removed at the end of 11 years beginning with the day it was first made.
- C. Have regard to them when using their licensing powers. The Standards were issued under section 177 of the Policing and Crime Act 2017. Councils must have regard to them, and the DfT says that means more than a quick look.
- D. Police telling the council about a risk, for example at arrest or charge. Common Law Police Disclosure lets police pass on information about a public protection risk at arrest or charge, rather than waiting for a conviction.
- B. They should not be issued a licence, except in truly exceptional cases. In the interests of public safety, councils should not issue a licence to anyone on either barred list. Any exception must have its reasons recorded.
- C. Set national standards for granting, renewing, suspending and revoking licences. Sections 70 to 74 let the Secretary of State make regulations setting national standards. When we checked on 29 October 2026, these sections were not yet in force.
- A. Suspend a licence from any English council for up to 48 hours for public safety. Section 76 will let an enforcement officer suspend a driver, vehicle or operator licence granted by any English council if public safety requires it. Under section 77 the suspension normally lasts 48 hours. These sections were not yet in force on 29 October 2026.
- D. No, they will start on a date set by regulations. Section 108 says Chapter 6 does not come into force when the Act was passed or two months after. It starts on a day the Secretary of State appoints by regulations.
Customer care, conflict and personal safety
- B. Offer to help load them into the vehicle. Helping with luggage is good service, and councils' conditions expect it: Nottingham, Sefton and Wolverhampton all tell drivers to give reasonable help with luggage.
- D. Greet them politely and confirm the destination. A polite greeting and confirming the destination prevents mistakes and disputes later.
- C. It builds trust and shows you could identify them. The Wolverhampton safety booklet says eye contact helps build a relationship and tells the passenger you could identify them.
- A. Turn it off politely. The journey is for the passenger. Councils' conditions, such as Nottingham's and Sefton's, say you may not play a radio or music without the passenger's consent.
- D. Clean, tidy clothes and your badge as required. Councils expect drivers to be clean and tidy (Nottingham: "clean and respectable" in dress) and to wear or display their badge as their licence conditions say.
- A. Stay calm and tell them how to complain. Stay calm and do not raise your voice. Passengers can complain to the operator or the council: Wolverhampton publishes a taxi complaints line, and Sefton operators must tell complainants they can take it to the council.
- B. Agree it and explain the fare may be higher. Agree the route and explain the cost before you set off, so there is no dispute at the end.
- C. Let the operator or passenger know. Councils require drivers to attend bookings punctually (Leicester, Wolverhampton). If you are delayed, telling the operator or passenger is the professional step. Never speed to make up time.
- A. Check they have all their belongings. Wolverhampton's conditions say to make sure passengers leave with their belongings and to search for lost property after each journey. Sefton also requires a search after every hiring.
- B. Stay calm and keep your voice level. The safety booklet says stay professional and calm, and do not raise your voice. This can stop things getting worse.
- C. Open hands and steady eye contact. Keeping your hands visible and open and keeping eye contact is non-threatening and can defuse a situation.
- D. Getting help from your control room secretly. Agree a code word with your control room so you can call for help without making a threatening passenger suspicious.
- A. Park, use your horn and lights, and call 999. If in danger, park and use your horn and lights to attract attention, and get help by calling 999.
- B. A brightly lit, busy place. Busy, well-lit places are safer and are often covered by CCTV.
- C. No, you must never lock a passenger in. Locking passengers in your vehicle can lead to arrest and a charge of false imprisonment.
- D. Stay inside your cab and call for help. In a purpose-built taxi with a screen you are likely to be safer staying in the cab. Never risk your safety to protect the vehicle.
- B. Only charge what your council's rules allow. For hackney carriages, the council can fix "all other charges in connection with the hire" in its table of fares. Hertsmere's 2025 table, for example, sets £50 for soiling. Only charge what your council allows.
- C. Many passengers have been drinking. The booklet says night work carries the most risk of violence, as many passengers have been drinking. Make sure you are not tired.
- A. Write it down and report it to the police. Note descriptions such as clothes and accent, and report it even if the police cannot act at once. It helps them plan.
- D. Take card payments and drop off cash often. The booklet says carry as little cash as you can, use contactless payments, and drop off cash during your shift.
- C. Say you have only just started your shift. Never say business is good. This could tell someone you have a lot of cash. You could say you have just started.
- D. Hidden in a secure box. Keep cash hidden from view in a secure box, and try to hide it in several places until you can bank it.
- B. Trust your instincts and refuse it. The booklet says always trust your instincts and refuse a fare if you have doubts about your safety. Never refuse for a discriminatory reason.
- A. Just enough to speak to them. Only open the window enough to speak without people being able to reach inside.
- A. Yes, until you are ready to accept the fare. Keep the doors locked while driving around. Unlock them when you have checked the passenger and are ready to accept the fare.
- D. That they are the booked passenger. Confirm it is the correct booked passenger and the destination. This protects them and you.
- B. A wheel brace. Items like wheel jacks could be used against you, and could be illegal. Keep tools secure in the boot.
- C. In case an attacker throws your keys away. The Wolverhampton booklet says carry a spare key in case an attacker throws your keys away. It also suggests a phone and charger, a torch, a notepad and a personal alarm.
- B. It can deter violence and give evidence. CCTV has been shown to reduce threats against drivers and means it is not just your word against theirs.
- A. Agree the fare before you set off. Agreeing the fare first reduces the risk of a dispute later, when you may be in an isolated place.
- D. Tell the passenger and check they agree. If you need to change route on the way, explain why and confirm the passenger agrees.
- C. Let them go and report it to the police. Do not chase a passenger who owes you a fare. Your safety is more important than the money. Report it on 101.
- A. Fare disputes. The booklet says many violent incidents arise from fare disputes, so be ready to explain how the fare is worked out.
- D. Follow your council's lost property rules. Councils set their own lost property rules. Nottingham and Leicester say take it to the police within 24 hours; Sefton says 48 hours; Wolverhampton says report it to the operator.
- B. False. False. Lost property is not yours. Councils' rules say to hand it in, for example to the police within 24 hours in Nottingham or 48 hours in Sefton.
- C. Calmly explain how the fare was worked out. Be ready to explain the fare structure. Staying calm and clear often ends the dispute.
- B. Ask which route they prefer. If there are several routes, confirm which one the passenger would like. This avoids complaints about the fare.
- B. Do not give out any passenger information. Where a passenger went is personal data. It must only be used for the purpose it was collected for and kept secure. Wolverhampton's CCTV policy, for example, shares data only for a lawful reason such as a formal police request.
- C. No, keep passenger information private. Passenger details and images are personal data and must be kept secure. Wolverhampton's CCTV policy bans uploading CCTV or dashcam footage to social media and calls it a breach of data protection law.
- D. That CCTV is in use. The DfT standards say all passengers must be made fully aware if CCTV is operating in a vehicle.
- A. Only when someone switches it on. The DfT says audio recording must not be continuously active by default and should be started by a switch or button. Check your council's CCTV policy too.
- B. The police or the council, for a proper reason. Recordings should be secure and only seen by those with a legitimate reason, such as the police investigating a crime or the council investigating a complaint.
- D. In a rear seat, without a seat belt. In a taxi or PHV with no correct child seat, a child under 3 can travel without one, but only in a rear seat and without a seat belt.
- A. A rear seat, with an adult seat belt. If the driver does not provide the right child seat, a child aged 3 or over must travel in a rear seat wearing an adult seat belt.
- B. False. False. Without the correct child seat, children can travel only in a rear seat.
- C. The front airbag must be switched off. GOV.UK says you must deactivate any front airbags before fitting a rear-facing baby seat in a front seat.
Highway Code for taxi and private hire drivers
- A. Something that you must not do. Signs with red circles are mostly prohibitive: they tell you what you must not do. Plates below a sign add details, such as times.
- D. It gives an order you must follow, such as 'turn left'. Signs with blue circles but no red border mostly give a positive instruction, such as 'ahead only' or 'keep left'.
- B. Triangular. Warning signs are mostly triangular. Direction and information signs are mostly rectangular, and signs giving orders are mostly circular.
- B. Green. Primary routes have green signs. Motorway signs are blue, local routes are white with a black border, and brown signs show tourist attractions.
- D. Only when the bus lane signs show that taxis are allowed. Bus lane signs show which vehicles, if any, may use the lane. Unless the signs allow your vehicle, you should not drive in it while it is in operation.
- A. You may not use it, unless the sign also allows private hire vehicles. The Highway Code lists taxis and licensed private hire vehicles as separate types of vehicle. A sign that shows only taxis does not include private hire vehicles.
- B. Any vehicle, as long as other signs do not say otherwise. You should not drive in a bus lane during its period of operation unless the signs allow you. Outside the times shown, the lane can be used by other traffic.
- B. False. Each bus lane or bus gate has signs that say which vehicles are allowed. Some include taxis and some do not, so you must read the sign each time.
- A. You must not drive into it. You must not enter a road, lane or other route reserved for trams. Trams cannot steer round an obstruction.
- D. When your exit road or lane is clear. You must not enter the box until your exit is clear. You may wait in it to turn right if only oncoming traffic, or other vehicles waiting to turn right, stop you.
- C. 60 mph. For cars, the national limit is 60 mph on single carriageways and 70 mph on dual carriageways and motorways.
- C. 70 mph. Cars may do up to 70 mph on dual carriageways and motorways, unless signs show a lower limit.
- B. 30 mph. A 30 mph limit generally applies to roads with street lights (not motorways) in England and Scotland, unless signs show otherwise.
- A. 20 mph. In Wales the default limit on roads with street lights is 20 mph. Some roads have a 30 mph limit set locally.
- C. 60 mph. Buses, coaches and minibuses up to 12 metres long have a limit of 50 mph on single carriageways and 60 mph on dual carriageways.
- C. 23 metres. At 30 mph the typical thinking distance is 9 metres and the braking distance is 14 metres, so the overall stopping distance is 23 metres.
- B. 9 metres. Thinking distance is how far you travel before you start to brake. At 30 mph it is about 9 metres.
- C. 36 metres. At 40 mph it is 12 metres thinking distance plus 24 metres braking distance: 36 metres in total.
- D. 96 metres. At 70 mph it is 21 metres thinking distance plus 75 metres braking distance: 96 metres in total.
- B. Make it at least twice as long. The gap should be at least doubled on wet roads, and up to ten times greater on icy roads.
- C. A limit is the most you may do, and it is not always safe. The speed limit is the absolute maximum. It does not mean it is safe to drive at that speed in all conditions.
- B. People driving the vehicles that can do the most harm. Those in charge of vehicles that can cause the greatest harm in a collision bear the greatest responsibility. This applies to drivers of cars and taxis, as well as larger vehicles.
- B. Pedestrians, cyclists, horse riders and motorcyclists. Pedestrians, cyclists, horse riders and motorcyclists are most at risk. Children, older adults and disabled people are at even greater risk.
- C. Give way and let the pedestrian cross first. At a junction you should give way to pedestrians crossing or waiting to cross a road that you are turning into or out of.
- A. True. Rule H2 says only pedestrians may use the pavement, and that pedestrians include wheelchair and mobility scooter users.
- A. At least 1.5 metres. Leave at least 1.5 metres when overtaking cyclists at speeds of up to 30 mph, and more space at higher speeds. Wait behind if you cannot leave enough space.
- D. Below 10 mph, leaving at least 2 metres. Pass horse riders and horse-drawn vehicles at under 10 mph and allow at least 2 metres of space.
- C. Wait and let the cyclist go past before you turn. You should not cut across cyclists going ahead when you turn. Do not turn if it would make the cyclist stop or swerve.
- A. Give them plenty of room and do not cut across them. Give priority to cyclists on the roundabout. Give them plenty of room and do not try to overtake them within their lane.
- B. With your left hand, so you turn and look behind you. Where you can, open the door with the hand on the opposite side. This makes you look over your shoulder, so you are more likely to see cyclists and motorcyclists.
- C. No, as another vehicle may be coming that they cannot see. Do not wave, flash your lights or use your horn to invite pedestrians across. This could be dangerous if another vehicle is approaching.
- A. To call 999 or 112 in an emergency when it is unsafe to stop. You must not use a hand-held phone for any purpose while driving, even when stationary in traffic. There is an exception to call 999 or 112 in a genuine emergency when it is unsafe or impractical to stop.
- A. Yes, if you do not hold it and it does not block your view. You may use a device hands-free, for example in a holder, as long as you do not hold it and it does not block your view of the road. You must still stay in full control.
- C. 6 penalty points and a £200 fine. You can get 6 penalty points and a £200 fine. If you passed your test in the last 2 years, you will lose your licence.
- B. When the vehicle is stopped and you pay at a payment terminal. You may use a hand-held device to make a contactless payment only when the vehicle is stationary and the goods or services are received at the same time or after.
- D. The passenger. Adult passengers aged 14 and over must wear a seat belt if one is available. The passenger is responsible for this.
- B. Wear the adult seat belt. From age 3 up to 1.35 metres or age 12, a child must use an adult belt in the rear if the correct child restraint is not available in a licensed taxi or private hire vehicle.
- D. While plying for hire or carrying passengers. A licensed taxi driver does not need to wear a seat belt while looking for customers (plying for hire) or while carrying passengers.
- C. Yes, as the exemption is only for when you carry passengers. A private hire driver is exempt only while carrying passengers. With no passengers in the car, you must wear your seat belt.
- B. 35 microgrammes per 100 ml. In England and Wales you must not drive with more than 35 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres of breath. The limit in Scotland is lower, at 22.
- B. You may still be unfit to drive. Alcohol takes time to leave your body. You may be unfit to drive in the morning after drinking the evening before.
- A. After every 2 hours of driving. Plan your journey to take enough breaks. A break of at least 15 minutes after every two hours of driving is recommended.
- B. The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA). You must report to the DVLA any health condition likely to affect your driving. Your council licence conditions may also ask you to tell the council.
- C. No, you must not stop or park on the zig-zag lines. You must not stop or park on a pedestrian crossing or in the area marked by the zig-zag lines.
- D. No, you must not stop there even to set down a passenger. You must not wait, park, or stop to set down and pick up passengers on school entrance markings when upright signs show a ban on stopping.
- A. Yes, you may stop while passengers get in or out. Double yellow lines mean no waiting at any time, but you may stop while passengers board or alight, unless other restrictions apply.
- C. A licensed taxi. Red lines ban stopping to park, load or unload, or to let people board or alight. The exceptions are a licensed taxi and a Blue Badge holder.
- B. Within 10 metres. Do not stop or park opposite or within 10 metres (32 feet) of a junction, except in an authorised parking space.
- D. At or near a bus stop. Do not stop or park at or near a bus or tram stop or taxi rank, or anywhere you would block access for emergency services.
- C. Stop just long enough for passengers to get in or out. You must not stop on an urban clearway in its hours of operation, except to pick up or set down passengers.
- D. No, you must not stop on the main carriageway of a clearway. This sign means no stopping (clearway). You must not stop or park on a clearway. Only an urban clearway allows stopping to pick up or set down.
- B. No, you must not stop or park in a taxi bay. You must not stop or park on taxi bays shown by upright signs and markings. These are for hackney carriages.
- A. Switch it off and apply the parking brake. You must not leave an engine running unnecessarily while stationary on a public road. If you will be stopped for more than a couple of minutes, apply the parking brake and switch off the engine.
- C. No, not between 11.30 pm and 7 am in a built-up area. You must not use your horn while stationary, or in a built-up area between 11.30 pm and 7 am, except when another road user poses a danger.
Numeracy and fares
- C. £11.20. The first mile costs £3.20. That leaves 4 miles at £2.00 = £8.00. £3.20 + £8.00 = £11.20.
- B. £9.80. 4 miles × £1.80 = £7.20. Add the flag fall: £7.20 + £2.60 = £9.80.
- B. £5.00. After the first mile there are 1.5 miles left. That is 7.5 fifths, and a part counts as a whole, so 8 × 25p = £2.00. £3.00 + £2.00 = £5.00.
- B. £8.50. After the first half mile there are 2.5 miles left = 25 tenths. 25 × 20p = £5.00. £3.50 + £5.00 = £8.50.
- D. £7.90. 3.2 – 0.5 = 2.7 miles = 27 tenths. 27 × 20p = £5.40. £2.50 + £5.40 = £7.90.
- D. £10.50. 7 minutes × 30p = £2.10. £8.40 + £2.10 = £10.50.
- A. £1.60. 4 minutes = 8 lots of 30 seconds. 8 × 20p = £1.60.
- B. £18.00. 1.5 times £12.00 = £12.00 + £6.00 = £18.00.
- C. £15.60. 50% of £10.40 is £5.20. £10.40 + £5.20 = £15.60.
- A. £17.60. Only passengers after the first are charged: 3 × £1.00 = £3.00. £14.60 + £3.00 = £17.60.
- A. 4 miles. Take off the flag fall: £9.00 – £3.00 = £6.00. £6.00 ÷ £1.50 = 4 miles.
- B. £6.60. £20.00 – £13.40 = £6.60. Check: £13.40 + £6.60 = £20.00.
- A. £2.35. £10.00 – £7.65 = £2.35. Check: £7.65 + £2.35 = £10.00.
- A. £3.20. £20 + £10 = £30.00. £30.00 – £26.80 = £3.20.
- D. £31.25. £50.00 – £18.75 = £31.25. Check: £18.75 + £31.25 = £50.00.
- A. £2.70. £15.00 – £11.30 = £3.70. Take off the £1 tip: £3.70 – £1.00 = £2.70.
- C. £4.50. £10.40 – £5.90 = £4.50. Check: £5.90 + £4.50 = £10.40.
- D. 5 coins. £2 + £2 + 50p + 20p + 10p = £4.80. That is 5 coins.
- D. £8.20. £24.60 ÷ 3 = £8.20. Check: 3 × £8.20 = £24.60.
- C. £7.75. £31.00 ÷ 4 = £7.75. Check: 4 × £7.75 = £31.00.
- A. £1.80. £10 + £5 = £15.00. £15.00 – £13.20 = £1.80.
- D. 50p. The correct change is £20.00 – £14.50 = £5.50. You gave £5.00, so you still owe 50p.
- B. 30 minutes. Time = distance ÷ speed. 12 ÷ 24 = 0.5 hours, which is 30 minutes.
- D. 1 hour 30 minutes. 45 ÷ 30 = 1.5 hours. Half an hour is 30 minutes, so the journey takes 1 hour 30 minutes, not 1 hour 50.
- A. 24 minutes. 8 ÷ 20 = 0.4 hours. 0.4 × 60 = 24 minutes.
- C. 18 miles. 36 minutes is 0.6 of an hour. 0.6 × 30 = 18 miles.
- D. 15:25. 14:35 + 25 minutes = 15:00. Add the other 25 minutes: 15:25.
- C. 00:15. 22:30 + 1 hour = 23:30. 23:30 + 45 minutes = 00:15, which is a quarter past midnight. The clock goes back to 00 after 23:59.
- C. 07:40. 25 + 5 = 30 minutes. 08:10 – 30 minutes = 07:40.
- B. 19:45. For pm times, add 12 to the hour: 7 + 12 = 19, so 7.45 pm is 19:45.
- B. 20 minutes past midnight. 00:20 in the 24-hour clock is 12.20 am: 20 minutes after midnight.
- D. 3.05 pm. Take 12 away from hours after 12: 15 – 12 = 3, so 15:05 is 3.05 pm.
- C. 05:30. 05:30 is between 23:00 and 06:00, so it is in the night tariff. 06:15, 22:45 and 18:00 are all outside it.
- B. £90. 10% of £600 is £60 and 5% is £30. 15% = £60 + £30 = £90. (£510 is what you keep, not the commission.)
- A. £625. £120 + £95 = £215. £840 – £215 = £625.
- C. £43.50. 240 ÷ 8 = 30 litres. 30 × £1.45 = £43.50.
- B. £8.40. 120 × 0.25 = 30 kWh. 30 × 28p = £8.40. (£33.60 is 120 × 28p, which forgets the 0.25.)
- D. £13.00. 1% of £12.50 is 12.5p, so 4% is 50p. £12.50 + £0.50 = £13.00.
- A. 70p. 1% of £40 is 40p. 1.75 × 40p = 70p.
- A. £19.80. 10% of £22.00 is £2.20. £22.00 – £2.20 = £19.80.
- C. £21. £168 ÷ 8 = £21 an hour.
- B. £1.50. £45 ÷ 30 = £1.50 a mile.
- D. 183 miles. 45,463 – 45,280 = 183 miles.
- C. £14.70. Rounding up to the next 10p turns £14.63 into £14.70. £14.60 would be rounding down.
- A. 2 vehicles. 7 ÷ 4 = 1.75, and you cannot send part of a vehicle, so round up to 2. Never carry more passengers than your licence allows.
Sources
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